๐Ÿ”ง Engineering Decision Tool D3

Power System Protection Coordination Calculator

Multi-tab calculator for Power System Protection Coordination

Protective device coordination calculator for overcurrent protection of electrical distribution systems per IEEE 242 and NEC 240.

Plot and compare two device TCC curves

๐Ÿ“ฅ Input Parameters

๐Ÿ“ Calculation Steps

1

Plot TCC curves

Log-log plot of both devices.

2

Check at max fault

t_up - t_down > 0.1s

Verify no overlap at maximum fault current.

3

Check at min fault

Downstream must trip while upstream holds

Verify at low-end selectivity.

4

Arc flash check

E proportional to t_clear

Evaluate if coordination delays increase arc flash energy.

๐Ÿงฎ Formula

Selectivity and Coordination

t_up > t_down + margin for all I_f; selectivity ratio = t_up/t_down > 1.5

Time-based selectivity - upstream device must be slower at all fault levels.

SymbolVariableUnitDescription
I_f Fault current kA
t_up Upstream trip time s
t_down Downstream trip time s
margin Coordination margin s

๐Ÿ“‹ Worked Example: 480V Switchboard-Feeder Selectivity

Result:

๐Ÿ” Result Interpretation

โœ… Margin > 0.2s
โœ… 0.1-0.2s
โœ… < 0.1s

๐Ÿ”ฅ Guidance

Coordination failure Margin < 0.1s

Wide-area outage possible during fault.

๐Ÿ’ก Engineering Recommendations

๐Ÿ”ง

Arc flash > 12 cal/cm2 with coordination

Implement ZSI or maintenance switch.

ZSI reduces clearing time from 0.3s to 0.05s during downstream faults.

โšก Quick Facts

Current, time, energy, zone interlocking
Selectivity types
Selective coordination required for emergency systems
NEC 240.12

๐Ÿ”ฌ Engineering Insight

"The trade-off between selectivity and arc flash is a fundamental design challenge. Zone-selective interlocking (ZSI) solves this by providing fast fault clearing (for arc flash) while maintaining selectivity through signaling - the downstream device signals the upstream to stay open when it sees the fault."

๐Ÿ“œ Standards & References

IEEE 242-2001 โ€” IEEE

Protection and coordination of industrial/commercial power systems.

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โ“ Frequently Asked Questions

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